Week 5: Evolution and Biodiversity

Evolutionary Theory

In this section, we will explore the fundamental principles of evolutionary theory, including natural selection, adaptation, and the mechanisms that drive the emergence of new species.

Biodiversity

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms on Earth, ranging from microscopic organisms to towering trees and majestic animals. In this section, we will delve into the richness of biodiversity, its importance, and the threats it faces.

Evolutionary Theory

The theory of evolution by natural selection, proposed by Charles Darwin, explains how populations of organisms change over time through the process of natural selection. This process favors the survival and reproduction of individuals with advantageous traits, leading to the gradual accumulation of beneficial changes and the emergence of new species.

Key Concepts

• Variation: Within a population, individuals exhibit differences in their traits, which can be inherited from their parents or arise through mutations.
• Adaptation: Certain traits may provide individuals with an advantage in their environment, increasing their chances of survival and reproduction.
• Natural Selection: Individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, passing on their traits to subsequent generations.
• Speciation: Over time, the accumulation of differences between populations can lead to the formation of new species that can no longer interbreed with the original population.

Interactive: Exploring Natural Selection

Observe the process of natural selection in action through this interactive simulation.